The heart is one of the most important organs which controls the smooth functioning of the organs of the body. Increased stress amongst individuals and a modification in lifestyle and diet are the major factors which affect the hearts health. A treadmill test (TMT) also referred to as a stress test or an exercise ECG (electrocardiogram) is a laboratory investigation which is performed in individuals who are at a risk of heart disease, have a history of heart disease or as a follow up after a cardiac procedure or surgery to monitor the functioning of the heart.
What is the purpose of doing a treadmill test (TMT) ?
The primary purpose of doing a treadmill test is to determine the functioning of the heart during stress condition. Such as monitoring the heart rate, the rhythm and the blood pressure while you are exercising. It is also performed to assess the blood flow in the body.
When is a treadmill test (TMT) advised ?
A treadmill test (TMT) or an exercise electrocardiogram is normally advised in individuals who are showing symptoms suggestive of any cardiac abnormality. A treadmill test can also be advised in healthy individuals as a routine check up to check the health status of heart. A treadmill test is also performed in individuals who have undergone a treatment after a heart attack such as an angioplasty or a heart bypass surgery. A treadmill test is also advised in cardiac patients who are on medication to determine the efficacy of the drug.
When a treadmill test (TMT) should not be performed ?
A coronary artery disease is an indication for a treadmill test, but any acute condition affecting the heart is an absolute contraindication for a treadmill test, such as heart attack, chest pain, high blood pressure, lung diseases, blockage of the major arteries of the heart and heart failure. In individuals diagnosed with the above mentioned conditions, a resting electrocardiogram is performed to assess the primary functionality of the heart.
How do you prepare for a treadmill test (TMT) ?
Once your treating physician or cardiologist suggests you to undergo a treadmill test, you will be explained the procedure, its risks and benefits. You will be asked to wear comfortable clothing an sports shoes to walk and run on the treadmill during the test. You will also be asked not to eat and drink anything at least two to three hours before the test. You will be given a consent form to sign before starting the treadmill test. If your chest and legs are hairy, they might be shaved for the appropriate placement of electrode leads. Also if you are on any medication, they have to be reviewed by your treating doctor before start the treadmill test.
What happens during a treadmill test (TMT) ?
As you are prepared for the test, you will be asked to wear a hospital shirt or gown which is lose and helps in appropriate placement of the electrodes to monitor the heart rate and a blood pressure cuff to monitor your blood pressure. You will be made to stand on a treadmill, the doctor and a technician will be by your side monitoring your condition and activity. The technician will ask you to start walking on the treadmill at a basic level and then slowly increase the resistance and speed of the treadmill. Usually a target is predetermined for every individual depending upon your age, weight, medical history and you will be made to walk on the treadmill till the predetermined time. If during the test, you are uncomfortable or have any symptoms of chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness or if your heart rate and blood pressure are very high, your doctor might ask you to stop immediately to prevent any complications.
Once your treadmill test is completed, you will be asked to lie down on an examination table to monitor your heart’s activity for some more time, till your heart rate and blood pressure become normal. The treadmill test takes about thirty minutes or more or less varying for each individual.
Is there any special care required after the treadmill test (TMT) ?
No, not any special instructions are given after the treadmill test, unless your treating doctor has advised you to follow any diet and exercise restrictions.
Are there any risks and complications associated with the treadmill test (TMT) ?
Treadmill test is rather a safe and feasible test if performed under appropriate circumstances. The risks and complications could still occur related to a fall in blood pressure, lack of glucose in diabetic patients and rarely a heart attack in individuals who are susceptible to it. Hence, the most important step in any diagnostic test is the medical history and understanding the risks, benefits and outcome of a particular procedure before deciding to go ahead with it.
Disclaimer: The content provided here is meant for general informational purposes only and hence SHOULD NOT be relied upon as a substitute for sound professional medical advice, care or evaluation by a qualified doctor/physician or other relevantly qualified healthcare provider.
